Metallica in Helmand

by Thomas Rid on 19 February 2010 · 14 comments

In 2008 I worked at the RAND Corporation in Washington, DC. One of my colleagues there, Samir Puri, used to write brilliant texts while listening to the likes of Iron Maiden and Sepultura on his iPod. Perhaps not surprising, you’ll say. Megadeth, after all, derived their name from a misspelling of a term coined by RAND strategist Herman Kahn.

Now Samir, who also holds an MA in War Studies from King’s College, offers some more sophisticated background in a new book chapter, Machine Guns and Machine Gun Drums (.pdf). It’s frankly one of most fascinating texts I read on the relationship of art and violence. An absolute must-read.

Most remarkable are the stories of how soldiers and victims of war use heavy metal to deal with the emotional intensity of their experiences. But the spectrum of how metal and battle go together is much broader than that. It reaches from patriotic veneration of military history to outright criticism of war. Samir distinguishes three main genres, the storytellers approach; emphasizing the visceral horror of violence; and revulsion at the suffering inherent in war. Just two examples, one for the horror and one on storytelling.

Samir quotes the disturbing lyrics from a Swedish death metal band with the subtle name Dismember:

Body split in two, trembling hands / Touch what is left of me / Try to force back, guts where they belong /… To end it all is the only option / I reach for my weapon so close but so far / I lift up my intestines, examine them closely / What has come of me, where is the rest of me / … Forgotten soldier left to rot / Among other corpses / A nameless causality / In mankind’s bloody history

So I guess he’s right when pointing out that ”there is — quite simply — no other genre” that would produce such “astonishingly graphic lyrics.” There is something to be said in favor of this kind of artistic treatment of, well, the cognitive challenge of war. I’m sure if Peter Paret would listen to death metal, he’d have interesting things to say about that, too.

Which brings us to military history. Iron Maiden, Samir explains, is the group of choice here:

Whether it is the march of Alexander’s armies, the charge of the Light Brigade in the Crimea, the mud and blood of Third Battle of Ypres, or the clash between RAF and Luftwaffe over southern England’s skies, Maiden are sure to have documented the tale.

And who knew that Iced Earth, an American group, in their album The Glorious Burden covers various theaters of battle with a distinctly patriotic overtone, “including a 33 minute musical retelling of the Battle of Gettysburg”? Metal, Samir writes, can provoke and reflect an interest in history in its audience.

So perhaps that’s why you’re reading this right now?

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{ 14 comments… read them below or add one }

Spencer Ackerman 19 February 2010 at 13:49

Iced Earth are great, but they’re highly kinetic, and their limitations set in somewhat quickly. The counterinsurgent will prefer the intense, diverse and challenging approach perfected by At The Gates, who have a multi-DVD boxed set coming out.

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Starbuck 19 February 2010 at 20:35

Big Brother won’t let me view Youtube, but I’m kind of amazed at how many “Hooah” videos–the ubiquitous soldier-made productions of their hardware in action, often laced with explosions–set to heavy metal music. Lots of examples spring to mind, most notably the Army Aviation “Thunderstruck” video.

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Madhu 19 February 2010 at 21:50

“So I guess he’s right when pointing out that ”there is — quite simply — no other genre” that would produce such “astonishingly graphic lyrics.” ”

Well, that’s not strictly true is it?

“And Caesar’s spirit, raging for revenge,
With Ate by his side come hot from hell,
Shall in these confines with a monarch’s voice
Cry “Havoc!” and let slip the dogs of war,
That this foul deed shall smell above the earth
With carrion men, groaning for burial.”

Okay, maybe not (although carrion men is pretty graphic!), but I’m not in the mood to look for quotes from really graphic pulp fiction and the like.

The Hooah videos Starbuck mentions above reminds me, for some odd reason, of this:

http://www.newyorker.com/reporting/2008/12/22/081222fa_fact_goodyear

Yes, I am making an analogy to home-made Youtube Hooah videos and Japanese cell phone young women-romance novels. Both are an example of using newer technologies used to create, and then distribute said creations, directly to an audience.

Cool idea for a book chapter, btw. Very cool. And I don’t even like that kind of music.

*Cell phone novels perfect modern expression of a culture that brought the haiku? Discuss. Or not. Whatever.

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Madhu 19 February 2010 at 21:51

Part of being sensible and polite is proof-reading, which I clearly did not do…..

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David Ucko 19 February 2010 at 22:35

How about…:
L’étendard sanglant est levé,
Entendez-vous dans les campagnes
Mugir ces féroces soldats ?
Ils viennent jusque dans nos bras
Égorger nos fils, nos compagnes !

And so on… add some distortion and power chords and you got yourself a metal hit.

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Alma 19 February 2010 at 22:50

Thanks for flagging a very interesting (and enjoyable) piece of inter-disciplinary scholarship! This reminds me of a short article published in the New Yorker last Summer on the work of Jonathan Pieslak on “the role of music in military recruiting, combat, interrogations, and morale” in Iraq, with a particular focus on… the death-metal band Slayer.

One excerpt: “listening to heavy metal, with its double-pedal bass drums and tremolo-style guitars, Pieslak writes, is a good way to prepare mentally for a mission, because it “sounds considerably like the consistent discharge of bullets fired from an automatic gun.””

The article can be found at:
http://www.newyorker.com/talk/2009/06/29/090629ta_talk_collins

And Pieslak’s book was published by Indiana University Press last year:
http://www.amazon.com/Sound-Targets-American-Soldiers-Music/dp/0253220874/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1266619522&sr=8-1

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Alma 19 February 2010 at 23:04

Good point, David. I wonder however what sort of war would go with Serge Gainsbourg’s famous reggae version of La Marseillaise:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mLq7EcvRaf0

Maybe it would work better for law enforcement than war? Boosting the morale of Gendarmes engaged in counter-narcotics operations in the Caribbean?

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ArmitageShanks 20 February 2010 at 00:20

According to Patrick Hennessey’s The Junior Officer’s Reading Club it seems that they were by no means restricted to metal.

The music they chose to play whilst in ops in Afghanistan seemed to be a fairly major consideration..

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Starbuck 20 February 2010 at 00:42

This, uh, guy I know told me that one unit’s flight operations section at a base in Iraq would actually have a secure, frequency-hopping channel which blared music which pilots could listen to on their secure FM radios. Inevitably, this, uh, guy told me, the radio would be blasting Nirvana.

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Samir Puri 20 February 2010 at 08:30

Thanks Thomas for the kind words. I’m glad people found it of interest! (For the record, I wrote this article as a distraction from writing painful PhD chapters…)

And finally, ‘One’ by Metallica rocks, doesn’t it?

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Kenneth Payne 20 February 2010 at 09:38

You boys can keep your death metal – I’m with Leonard, Emmanuel and Anna:

‘When they poured across the border, I was cautioned to surrender, this I could not do’….

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Jack 20 February 2010 at 11:52

It’s a good read, but I can’t help but feel it is limited by selecting one genre. Punk and hip-hop might not have much on the “military history” theme, but there’s plenty of disturbing lyrics and commentary on war. The Dead Kennedys recorded Holiday in Cambodia prior to Maiden’s success and the rise of the nwobhm bands and thrash metal genre. Incidentally, he cited “Wargasm” in his article which also happens to be the title of a mid 80s punk compilation.

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UNRR 21 February 2010 at 14:51

This post has been linked for the HOT5 Daily 2/21/2010, at The Unreligious Right

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vimothy 26 February 2010 at 17:51

Iced Earth suck.

Props for quoting Dismember though!

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